Implementation of a transient approach for the mass and energy balance in an electric arc furnace.

Camacho, Alejandra

dc.contributor.advisor	Montesinos, Alejandro
dc.creator	Camacho, Alejandra
dc.date.accessioned	2018-12-13T19:26:01Z
dc.date.available	2018-12-13T19:26:01Z
dc.date.created	2018-10-28
dc.identifier.citation	Camacho, A. (2018). Implementation of a transient approach for the mass and energy balance in an electric arc furnace. M. Sc. Tecnológico de Monterrey.	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/11285/632437
dc.description.abstract	On this work, an implementation of a transient approach for the mass and energy balance in an electric arc furnace is presented. Real operation conditions were included, such as the dynamic material and energy additions and continuous inlets and outlets. Also, several inherent phenomena were characterized, such as the melting rate of scrap, the chemical reaction mechanisms and the residence time of bubbles in the slag. With all these elements, the estimation of the distribution of mass and energy flows at any time of the “heat” process was performed. The main contributions of this work are to provide a prediction of mass and energy distribution at any time of the EAF process, and to be a guideline for a dynamic optimization model which can be useful to improve the efficiency of the furnace by operation protocol modifications, therefore, the net cost per ton of liquid steel can be reduced.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	Dedication ............................................................................................................................................. I Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. II Abstract ............................................................................................................................................... III List of figures ......................................................................................................................................IV List of tables ........................................................................................................................................VI Chapter I Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 Steel industry ................................................................................................................ 2 1.1.2 Types of melting process ............................................................................................. 3 1.1.3 Electric arc furnace and process description .......................................................... 4 1.2 Problem statement and context ......................................................................................... 7 1.3 General objective ................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Specific objectives ................................................................................................................ 8 1.5 Scope ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Justification ........................................................................................................................ 10 Chapter II State of the art ............................................................................................................... 12 2.1 Mass and energy balance model .......................................................................................... 12 2.2 Melting rate ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.3 Reaction mechanisms ........................................................................................................ 18 2.4 Minimization of Gibbs free energy: Gases .................................................................... 21 2.5 Slag foaming ....................................................................................................................... 22 Chapter III Methodology ................................................................................................................ 26 3.1 Assumptions and considerations ..................................................................................... 28 3.2 Elements for the structure of the model ........................................................................ 32 3.2.1 Structure of the melting rate module ..................................................................... 34 3.2.2 Chemical kinetics structure...................................................................................... 37 VIII 3.2.3 Bubbles residence time: structure ........................................................................... 40 3.2.4 Gases equilibrium structure ..................................................................................... 41 3.2.5 Estimation of continuous spillage of slag ............................................................... 42 3.2.6 Estimations of air infiltration and off gases .......................................................... 43 3.2.7 Estimation of Temperatures .................................................................................... 44 3.2.8 Cooling system losses estimation ............................................................................. 46 3.3 Collection of data ............................................................................................................... 46 3.4 Adjustments of the model................................................................................................. 47 Chapter IV Results ........................................................................................................................... 49 4.1 Description of the MEB model with transient approach ............................................ 49 5.3 Simulations ......................................................................................................................... 54 4.2.1 Melting of scrap ......................................................................................................... 54 3.2.8 Reaction velocity in the slag zone and sensitivity analysis .................................. 56 4.2.3 Mass accumulation profile and global distribution .............................................. 61 4.2.4 Temperatures estimation .......................................................................................... 62 4.2.6 Energy accumulation profile and global distribution .......................................... 65 5.2 Summary of conclusions ................................................................................................... 68 5.2 Contributions ..................................................................................................................... 70 5.3 Recommendations and future work ............................................................................... 70 Appendices ......................................................................................................................................... 72 Appendix A. Slag viscosity correlations .................................................................................... 72 Appendix B. Operational data .................................................................................................... 74 B.1 Operation data ................................................................................................................... 74 Appendix C. Useful properties for the energy balance .......................................................... 78 Appendix D. Energy balance schemes for each zone .............................................................. 81 References .......................................................................................................................................... 82	en_US
dc.format.extent	98	en_US
dc.format.medium	Texto	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng	en_US
dc.publisher	Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey	esp
dc.relation.ispartof	266632-CONACYT-SENER-S0019201401	en_US
dc.rights	Open Access	en_US
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/	*
dc.subject	1 CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA	en_US
dc.title	Implementation of a transient approach for the mass and energy balance in an electric arc furnace.	en_US
dc.type	Tesis de Maestría / Master Thesis	en_US
dc.contributor.mentor	Trejo, Eder
dc.publisher.institution	Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey	en_US
dc.subject.keyword	Mass and energy balance	en_US
dc.subject.keyword	Transient	en_US
dc.subject.keyword	Electric arc furnace	en_US
dc.subject.keyword	mass balance	en_US
dc.subject.keyword	energy balance	en_US
dc.contributor.institution	Campus Monterrey	en_US
dc.contributor.institution	Campus Monterrey	en_US
dc.contributor.institution	Campus Monterrey	en_US
dc.subject.discipline	Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas / Engineering & Applied Sciences	en_US
dc.description.degree	Master of Science in Energy Engineering	en_US
dc.audience.educationlevel	Público en general/General public	en_US
refterms.dateFOA	2018-12-04T00:00:00Z
dc.relation.impreso	2018-11-28