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Resource-Based Competition Between Retailers and E-Tailers Within the Marketspace: A Supply Chain Perpective of E-Commerce-Edición Única
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2006-06-01) Rodríguez García, Jesus B.; Dr. Fernando Mata; Dr. Alejandro Ibarra; Dr. Socorro Marcos
This dissertation is composed of three individual articles which are related each other. The purpose of this investigation was to theoretically develop a conceptual model for the analysis of the competitive environment where traditional retailers compete against e-tailers. To accomplish this purpose, the supply chain management, strategic management, information technologies, and open systems research fields were combined through the three articles. In the first article, a conceptual definition of supply chain management as a management philosophy was developed. The supply chain phenomenon was studied under an open systems perspective to explain why the non-rational motivations of the individuals composing the supply chain should be aligned across the social-psychological, the organizational structure, and the ecological levies of supply chain analysis. Using the resource-based view of the firm, it was explained how it is possible to implement a competitive strategy for the entire supply chain to achieve a competitive advantage for the supply chain and, in turn, for its members. In the second article, the e-tailer was considered as the last member of a truncated supply chain. The inter-organizational management systems implemented along the chain were considered as supply chain capabilities increasing the e-tailer's customer value and consequently as the basis for achieving and sustaining the e-tailer's competitive advantage. The e-tailing model of B2C ecommerce was described and a model to analyze competition between retailers and etailers within the marketspace was developed under a resource-based view of the firm. In the third article, it was assumed that customers decide to buy products through the Internet based on: the valué they receive from e-tailers, their reliability concerns related to the e-tailer and the Internet as transaction medium, and the existence of network externalities. The value offered by an e-tailer was defined as a function of: product quality; delivery speed; flexibility to customize the product accordingly to customer specifications; objective costs such as price, and shipping cost; and subjective costs regarding time and location constrains to place an order. A survey was conducted and the empirical results served to partially prove the model developed in the second article.
Compensation structure as a determinant of firm performance
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2006-04-01) Zambrano Mañueco, Homero; Ibarra Yúnez, Alejandro; Lowe, Robert A.; Laszlo, Alexander
This study presents a theoretical model of firm performance as a function of wage dispersion with a causal relationship that explains most of the inconsistency of previous empirical research, which shows contrasting results from one study to the other. We can trace the shortcomings of empirical research in this field to narrow geographic or industrial sector settings, which limit the validity of the studies. In this study, effort is modeled based on equity theory and relative deprivation theory, within a systemic framework that considers interaction between hierarchical levels in the firm, and the interaction with the market, with a trans-disciplinary approach. The main results are: a) wage dispersion cannot increase indefinitely without causing operating margin to fall. The behavior of this financial indicator is non-monotone with respect to iv the degree of wage dispersion in the firm; b) large firms are more likely to benefit from a hierarchical wage structure, while small firms could experience some improvement in their fundamental financial indicators with a more compressed compensation structure. Firm size is measured in terms of number of employees; c) upper levels tend to apply more effort if the firm increases its wage dispersion with respect to a firm mimicking the labor market; d) a market with high income inequality affects the firm in that the former makes less attractive for the firm to make a move towards increased internal inequality. An ancillary result of this work is the proposition of a way to determine the weighing factor ? in Akerlof and Yellen's (1990) equation that models relative deprivation. I list the factors that affect that parameter

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